Reservation

Backward Class Commission: Proof That Social Equality Was Never Achieved

Backward Class Commissions: Proof That Social Equality Was Never Achieved

If social equality had truly been achieved in India, the country would not have needed dozens of Backward Class Commissions over more than seven decades. Yet, from 1947 to 2020, governments, both at the Centre and in the states, kept appointing one commission after another to study the same question: Who remains socially and educationally […]

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Open Category Is Not an Upper-Caste Quota: What the Supreme Court Finally Clarified

For decades, a dangerous myth has shaped India’s recruitment and admission systems: “Open (General) Category seats belong to upper castes.” This belief was never written in the Constitution. Yet, in practice, it quietly became a rule with the sole aim of excluding meritorious OBC, SC, and ST candidates from seats they rightfully earned. A recent Supreme Court clarification has

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Sattanathan Commission: The First Backward Classes Commission of Tamil Nadu

The debate on reservation in India often begins with the Mandal Commission. But long before Mandal reshaped national politics, Tamil Nadu had already confronted a deeper and more uncomfortable truth: inequality existed even within the Backward Classes. This truth was first formally acknowledged by the Sattanathan Commission. The Sattanathan Commission remains one of the most important yet

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List of Commission for Backward Class in Tamil Nadu

Tamil Nadu is often projected as a pioneer in social justice and reservation policy. Yet, a closer look at every commission for backward class appointed by the state reveals a troubling pattern: commissions formed without data, reports ignored, and recommendations selectively implemented. From the colonial era to recent decades, Tamil Nadu has constituted multiple commissions for

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100 Years of Reports, Zero Justice: Why Indian Agriculture Failed Farmers and Youth

Indian agriculture has been studied more than almost any other sector in the country. From colonial Commissions to modern expert Committees, the problems of farming have been clearly identified. Yet, the crisis continues. Farmers struggle to survive, and young people are walking away from agriculture. This raises a fundamental question: if the problems are well

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Reservation in the Private Sector: Why Does Equality Stop Where Power Begins?

Reservation was never meant to be limited only to Parliament, legislatures, or government jobs. The Indian Constitution visualized equality as a living reality across all structures of society. Restricting reservations only to the public sector is like addressing inequality in one room while ignoring the entire house. In today’s economy, where the private sector dominates

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Is Social Justice a Living Principle or a Forgotten Promise?

In India, social justice is often reduced to a single argument: reservation in education and government jobs. Reservation is important. It is constitutional. It is necessary. But is it the whole idea of social justice? The Constitution never treated social justice as a quota-only policy. It spoke of equality, inclusiveness, dignity, access to power, and fair

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Commission for Backward Class: Who Really Holds Power After Constitutional Amendments?

Commission for Backward Classes: Who Really Holds Power After Constitutional Amendments?

The Commission for Backward Classes either the NCBC or the State Backward Classes Commission play be a crucial role in India’s reservation system, welfare policies, and social justice framework. Yet, even today, there is widespread confusion about who actually holds power—the Centre, the States, or the commissions themselves. With multiple constitutional amendments and Supreme Court judgments

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10.5% Internal Reservation: Law, Constitution, and the Reality of Social Justice

Reservation is a constitutional tool meant to correct historical injustice. It is not a political reward and not a benefit that belongs to any one caste. Yet, the 10.5% internal reservation for Vanniyars has been projected as a measure of social justice without explaining its legal, constitutional, and social consequences. This article examines the issue based

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A big question on “Reservation”! Is India’s Reservation Model Outdated? What New Research Says About Social Backwardness

India’s reservation system was created with a clear purpose: to correct centuries of discrimination and give disadvantaged communities a fair chance in education and jobs. But as India changes—economically, socially, and demographically—a big question keeps resurfacing: Is our reservation model still suited for the realities of today, or are we using decades-old formulas to solve

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